内燃叉车与电动叉车怎么选择使用？
来源：https://www.jnhgjx.net/ 日期：2024-03-06 发布人：
内燃叉车的特点和工作环境：
Characteristics and working environment of internal combustion forklifts:
（1）、平衡重式柴油叉车，体积较大，但其稳定性好，宜于重载,使用时间无限制，使用场地一般在室外。与汽油发动机相比,柴油发动机动力性较好(低速不易熄火、过载能力、长时间作业能力强)，燃油费用低。但振动大、噪音大、排气量大 、自重大、高，载荷重量可由0.5吨45吨。
(1) Balanced weight diesel forklift, with a large volume but good stability, suitable for heavy loads, unlimited usage time, and generally used outdoors. Compared with gasoline engines, diesel engines have better power performance (difficult to stall at low speeds, strong overload capacity, and long-term operation ability) and lower fuel costs. But it has high vibration, high noise, large exhaust volume, heavy weight, and high price. The load weight can range from 0.5 tons to 45 tons.
（2）、平衡重式汽油叉车，体积较大，但其稳定性好，宜于重载，使用时间无限制，使用场地一般在室外。汽油发动机外形小，自重轻，输出功率大，工作噪音及振动小且低但汽油机过载能力、长时间作业能力较差，燃油费用相当较高。载荷重量可由0.5吨4.5吨。
(2) Balanced weight gasoline forklift, with a large volume but good stability, suitable for heavy loads, unlimited usage time, and generally used outdoors. The gasoline engine has a small appearance, light weight, high output power, low working noise and vibration, and low price. However, the gasoline engine has poor overload capacity and long-term operation ability, and the fuel cost is quite high. The load weight can range from 0.5 tons to 4.5 tons.
（3）、平衡重式液化石油气叉车(简称LPG)即是平衡重式汽油叉车上加装液化石油气转换装置，即成为LPG叉车，通过转换开关能进行使用汽油和液化气的切换。 LPG叉车大的优点是尾气排放好，一氧化炭(CO)排放明显少于汽油机，燃油费用低(15KG的液化气相当于20升汽油)，适用于对环境要求较高的的室内作业。
(3) Counterbalanced liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) forklift is a type of gasoline forklift that is equipped with a liquefied petroleum gas conversion device, which becomes an LPG forklift. Through the conversion switch, it can switch between using gasoline and liquefied gas. The advantage of LPG forklifts is that they have good exhaust emissions, significantly lower carbon monoxide (CO) emissions than gasoline engines, lower fuel costs (15KG of liquefied gas is equivalent to 20 liters of gasoline), and are suitable for indoor operations with high environmental requirements.
电动叉车的特点和工作环境
The characteristics and working environment of electric forklifts
（1）、电动托盘叉车，电动托盘叉车的主要功能是实现托盘货物在平面上点到点的移动，因此没有门架起升系统，适用于注重搬运、无需堆垛的场所，有自走式、站驾式、坐驾式三种类型，成本各不相同。
(1) Electric pallet forklifts. The main function of electric pallet forklifts is to achieve point-to-point movement of pallet goods on a flat surface, so there is no gantry lifting system. They are suitable for places that focus on handling and do not require stacking. There are three types of electric pallet forklifts: self-propelled, standing and driving, and sitting and driving, with different costs.
（2）、电动托盘堆垛叉车，电动托盘堆垛叉车是一种轻型的室内提升堆垛设备，侧重于堆垛功能，因车身轻巧。适合在楼层式仓库或其他狭窄场所内轻小型物料的搬运。
(2) Electric pallet stacker forklift is a lightweight indoor lifting and stacking equipment that focuses on stacking functions due to its lightweight body. Suitable for handling light and small materials in floor style warehouses or other narrow spaces.
（3）、前移式叉车，前移式叉车的起升机构可以在叉车纵向前后移动。叉取货物时。货物落在车轮构成的四个支点内。因此前移式叉车具有较好的灵活性、高起升性、稳定性。其载重范围通常为1—2．5吨，起升高度可达12米。但由于车轮较小。通过性受限，且因为结构复杂，成本较高，因此适用于空间狭窄、起升高度要求较高的场所，多用于高层仓储库房。
(3) Forward moving forklift, the lifting mechanism of forward moving forklift can move forward and backward longitudinally on the forklift. When picking up goods. The center of gravity of the goods falls within the four fulcrums formed by the wheels. Therefore, forward moving forklifts have good flexibility, high lifting safety, and stability. Its load capacity range is usually 1-2.5 tons, and the lifting height can reach 12 meters. But due to the small size of the wheels. Due to limited passability and complex structure and high cost, it is suitable for places with narrow space and high lifting height requirements, and is mostly used in high-rise storage warehouses.
（4）、万向电动叉车，万向电动叉车可以万向行驶，除了具备平衡重式叉车的主要特点外，三个轮子可以任何角度一致朝一个方向行驶，因此该车型转向灵活，在叉取货物后，可根据场地限制原地转向，向任意方向移动叉车。该车型解决了长形物料在狭窄空间的转向问题，极大地节约了空间，可以实现在火车和汽车车厢内斜向码垛与拆卸。
(4) Universal Electric Forklift, Universal Electric Forklift can travel in all directions. In addition to the main characteristics of a balanced forklift, the three wheels can travel in the same direction at any angle. Therefore, this model has flexible steering. After picking up goods, it can turn in place according to site restrictions and move the forklift in any direction. This model solves the problem of turning elongated materials in narrow spaces, greatly saving space, and can achieve oblique stacking and disassembly in train and car carriages.
（5）、四向电动叉车，四向电动叉车集前移式叉车、侧叉、平衡重式叉车的功能于一体。在构造上，它和前移式叉车基本相同，门架位于前后车轮之间，在又车前方有呈臂状伸出的两条插腿，插腿前端装有支撑轮，货叉可随门架在叉车纵向前后移动。叉货卸货时，货叉伸出，叉卸货物后货叉退回到接近车体的中间位置，因此叉车行驶的稳定性大大提高。
(5) Four way electric forklift, which integrates the functions of forward moving forklift, side fork, and counterweight forklift. In terms of structure, it is basically the same as a forward moving forklift. The gantry is located between the front and rear wheels, and there are two legs extending in an arm shape in front of the forklift. The front end of the legs is equipped with supporting wheels, and the fork can move longitudinally forward and backward with the gantry. When unloading goods with forklifts, the forks extend out, and after unloading the goods, the forks return to the middle position close to the vehicle body, greatly improving the stability of forklift operation.
与前移式叉车不同之处在于，四向电动叉车叉腿前端的两个承重轮可以通过转向机构回转90°当后轮转过90°时，整个叉车可以从前后行驶的状态就地变为左右行驶，相当于侧叉，因此适合更窄通道的长形物料搬运。小通道宽度通常可以在2米以内。但因结构复杂，成本较高。
The difference from forward moving forklifts is that the two load-bearing wheels at the front end of the fork leg of a four-way electric forklift can rotate 90 ° through the steering mechanism. When the rear wheel rotates 90 °, the entire forklift can change from a forward and backward driving state to a left and right driving state, equivalent to a side fork, making it suitable for handling elongated materials in narrower passages. The width of a small passage can usually be within 2 meters. But due to its complex structure and high cost.
（6）、VNA窄通道叉车，VNA窄通道叉车的主要特点是门架起升机构可做三向旋转，在堆垛时车体无需转动，仅需转动货叉或门架。因此通道宽度要求大为减小。目前小通道在1．8米以下。但同时，通道宽度还取决于托盘的大小。例如，搬运长形货物时仍然无法缩小通道宽度。此外，为了保证侧向堆垛的稳定性，所需整机重量远远大于三支点平衡重式电动叉车，因此经济性略差。
(6) VNA Narrow Channel Forklift, the main feature of VNA Narrow Channel Forklift is that the gantry lifting mechanism can rotate in three directions, and the vehicle body does not need to rotate during stacking, only the fork or gantry need to be rotated. Therefore, the channel width requirement is greatly reduced. At present, the small passage is below 1.8 meters. But at the same time, the width of the channel also depends on the size of the tray. For example, when handling long shaped goods, it is still not possible to reduce the width of the passage. In addition, in order to ensure the stability of lateral stacking, the required overall weight is much greater than that of a three point balanced electric forklift, so the economy is slightly inferior.
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