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判断二手叉车冷却系统的故障如何入手

来源:https://www.jnhgjx.net/ 日期:2022-07-05 发布人:

二手叉车冷却系统从结构上来讲比较简单,一般由冷却风扇、散热器、节温器等元件构成。判断冷却系统的故障也应从判断这些元件是否正常工作入手。下面展开内容讲讲吧。
The cooling system of used forklift truck is relatively simple in structure, which is generally composed of cooling fan, radiator, thermostat and other components. To judge the failure of the cooling system, we should also judge whether these components work normally. Let's expand the content.
1、节温器的检查
1. Inspection of thermostat
目前发动机上采用的节温器以蜡式节温器为主。它的主要性能指标是在不同的水温下节温器应具有不同的升程。从而动态地控制冷却水温的高低。对于不解体冷却系统来检查节温器的好坏,主要是通过散热器进水管和出水管的温差来判别。
At present, the thermostat used in the engine is mainly wax thermostat. Its main performance index is that the thermostat should have different lift under different water temperatures. Thus, the cooling water temperature can be dynamically controlled. For checking the thermostat without disassembling the cooling system, it is mainly judged by the temperature difference between the radiator inlet pipe and outlet pipe.
在发动机冷机启动的前段时间内,进、出水管用手触摸应有明显的温差,在工作了一段时间以后,温差明显缩小。当发动机到达正常工作温度时(80℃-90℃)时用手触摸已无明显温差感觉。当然准确的检测方法还是取下节温器,将其置于热水中,逐渐加热,检查阀门的开启温度和阀门的升程。
There should be a significant temperature difference between the inlet and outlet pipes when touched by hand during the early period of engine cold start. After working for a period of time, the temperature difference is significantly reduced. When the engine reaches the normal operating temperature (80 ℃ -90 ℃), there is no obvious temperature difference when touching it with your hand. Of course, the accurate detection method is to take down the thermostat, put it in hot water, heat it gradually, and check the opening temperature and lift of the valve.
2、水泵的检查
2. Inspection of water pump
冷却水在冷却系统中不断循环的动力源来自于水泵。水泵能否建立起足够的压力是冷却系统正常工作的关键。在添加冷却水时,如果随着发动机转速的升高,冷却液面明显下降,这说明水泵工作正常。
The power source of continuous circulation of cooling water in the cooling system comes from the water pump. Whether the water pump can establish sufficient pressure is the key to the normal operation of the cooling system. When adding cooling water, if the cooling level drops significantly with the increase of engine speed, it indicates that the water pump works normally.
反之,则可能水泵与叶轮松脱,冷却水无法循环。在叉车发动机中,水泵、发电机、冷却风扇共用一条皮带,因此皮带的松紧度直接影响到水泵、风扇、发电机的转速。用手指压下皮带的中部,下挠度应在11-13mm(CPC3L车型)为正常,太大会导致水温过高,太小则会对水泵轴承、发电机轴承造成损伤。
Otherwise, the water pump and impeller may be loose and the cooling water cannot be circulated. In the forklift engine, the water pump, generator and cooling fan share a belt, so the tightness of the belt directly affects the speed of the water pump, fan and generator. Press the middle of the belt with your fingers, and the lower deflection should be 11-13mm (cpc3l model). Too much will lead to too high water temperature, and too small will cause damage to the water pump bearings and generator bearings.
济南二手叉车
3、冷却风扇
3. Cooling fan
风扇风量的检测可将一薄纸放于散热器前面,当发动机运转时,若纸能被吹开,则说明风量足够。这和前置发动机的汽车风扇向内吸风有区别。叶片不能装反,并应保证风扇放护罩齐全有效。
For the detection of fan air volume, a thin paper can be placed in front of the radiator. When the engine is running, if the paper can be blown away, it indicates that the air volume is sufficient. This is different from the inward suction of the car fan with the front engine. The blades shall not be installed reversely, and the fan cover shall be complete and effective.
4、散热器
4. Radiator
济南二手叉车的散热器置于车辆的尾部。由于叉车的底盘较低,并且厂内作业环境较差,一些杂物、粉尘很容易在散热器表面堆积,如果不及时清洗,就会严重影响散热效果。每天作业完毕应对散热器表面进行认真地清洗,尽量避免使用高压水枪。因为散热器的管壁很薄,如果清洗压力过高的话很容易冲瘪,影响循环效果。另外,冷却水严禁使用“硬水”,以防止散热器中产生水垢,导致冷却水添加不足。
The radiator of Jinan used forklift is placed at the rear of the vehicle. Due to the low chassis of the forklift and the poor working environment in the factory, some sundries and dust are easy to accumulate on the surface of the radiator. If it is not cleaned in time, it will seriously affect the heat dissipation effect. After daily operation, the surface of the radiator should be carefully cleaned, and the use of high-pressure water guns should be avoided as far as possible. Because the tube wall of the radiator is very thin, if the cleaning pressure is too high, it is easy to shrink and affect the circulation effect. In addition, it is strictly forbidden to use "hard water" in the cooling water to prevent scaling in the radiator, resulting in insufficient cooling water.
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