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叉车是起重运输机械中发展较晚的一个机种，目前国内叉车制造的品种、机型很多，操作简便省力，机动性强，可靠，提高了作业效率。下面济南二手叉车厂家来为您讲讲二手叉车的基础知识。

Forklift is a late developed type of lifting and transportation machinery. At present, there are many kinds and models of forklift manufactured in China, which are easy to operate, labor-saving, strong mobility, safe and reliable, and improve the operation efficiency. Next, Jinan second-hand forklift manufacturer will tell you the basic knowledge of second-hand forklift.

1.叉车的功能

1. Functions of forklift

叉车的使用促进了托盘运输和集装箱搬运的发展，带来了搬运革命，使用叉车的效果表明：

The use of forklift has promoted the development of pallet transportation and container handling, and brought about a handling revolution. The effect of using forklift shows that:

①减轻劳动强度、节约劳动力。一台叉车可以代替8～15个装卸工人。

① Reduce labor intensity and save labor. One forklift can replace 8-15 loading and unloading workers.

②缩短作业时间、提高作业效率，加速车船的周转。

② Shorten the operation time, improve the operation efficiency and speed up the turnover of vehicles and vessels.

③提高仓库容积的利用率，促进多层货架和高层仓库的发展，容积利用系数可提高40％。

③ Improve the utilization rate of warehouse volume, promote the development of multi-layer shelves and high-rise warehouses, and the volume utilization coefficient can be increased by 40%.

④减少货物破损、提高作业的性、可靠性。

④ Reduce cargo damage and improve the safety and reliability of operation.

2.类型

2. Type

叉车的类型很多，且分类方法有所不同。

There are many types of forklifts, and the classification methods are different.

根据货叉位置的不同可分为：

According to different fork positions, it can be divided into:

①直叉式叉车。它是使用较多的叉车类型。直叉式又称为平衡重式，它的货叉装在叉车前部；由于货叉伸出在前轮轴线以外，为了平衡货物重量产生的倾覆力矩，在叉车后部装有平衡配重，以保持叉车稳定性。

① Fork lift truck. It is the type of forklift used more frequently. The straight fork type is also called the counterweight type, and its fork is installed in the front of the forklift; Since the fork extends beyond the front wheel axis, in order to balance the overturning moment generated by the weight of the goods, a counterweight is installed at the rear of the forklift to maintain the stability of the forklift.

②侧式叉车：它的货叉装在叉车一侧。

② Side forklift: its fork is mounted on one side of the forklift.

叉车根据其动力装置的不同可分为：

The forklift can be divided into:

①电瓶（蓄电池）叉车。

① Battery (battery) forklift.

②内燃叉车。内燃叉车的发动机又分为汽油机和柴油机（一般起重量在5t以上）两种。内燃叉车的传动方式分为机械传动、液力传动和全液压传动三种。

② Internal combustion forklift. The engines of internal combustion forklift are divided into gasoline engine and diesel engine (generally, the lifting capacity is more than 5T). The transmission modes of internal combustion forklift are divided into mechanical transmission, hydraulic transmission and full hydraulic transmission.

3.特点

3. Features

叉车的使用特点有如下几点：

The forklift has the following features:

①在起升车辆中叉车的机动性和牵引性能好、充气轮胎的内燃叉车可在室内外作业，电瓶叉车则适合在室内作业。

① Among the lifting vehicles, the internal combustion forklift with good mobility and traction performance and pneumatic tires can be operated indoors and outdoors, while the battery forklift is suitable for indoor operation.

②叉车常用起升高度在2～4m之间，有的起升高度可达到8m，叉车方便在车站、码头装卸物资，也有在工地和企业的车间内外搬运机件。

② The lifting height of forklift is usually between 2 and 4m, and some can reach 8m. Forklift is convenient for loading and unloading materials at stations and docks, and also for handling mechanical parts inside and outside the workshops of construction sites and enterprises.

③叉车的作业生产率在起升车辆中高，它的行驶速度、起升速度爬坡能力也强，在选用起升车辆时可优先考虑。

③ The productivity of the forklift is high among the lifting vehicles, and its traveling speed, lifting speed and climbing ability are also strong. When selecting the lifting vehicles, priority can be given.

④叉车主要用于装卸作业，也可在50m左右的距离做搬运作业。

④ The forklift is mainly used for loading and unloading, and can also be used for handling at a distance of about 50m.

叉车适用于车站、码头、机场、仓库、工地、货厂和工矿企业，是现代化企业必备的装卸机械。如果您有相关采购需求的话，就来我们网站http://www.jnhgjx.net咨询了解吧。

Forklift is applicable to stations, docks, airports, warehouses, construction sites, freight plants and industrial and mining enterprises. It is an essential loading and unloading machine for modern enterprises. If you have relevant purchasing needs, please come to our website http://www.jnhgjx.net Consult and understand.